Genetic collection of spring barley by disease resistance

Abstract

The National Centre for Plant Genetic Resources (NCPGRU) formed a genetic collection of spring barley comprising 315 accessions from 25 countries with identified genes of resistance to major diseases, which is of practical value for breeding.

The aim and tasks of the study was to analyze literature, to estimate the new gene pool of spring barley, to systematize and select accessions, to form a genetic collection by resistance to disease.

Materials and methods. The study material was spring barley collection accessions. The genetic collection of spring barley includes 114 reference accessions.

Results and discussion. Multi-year field studies revealed highly resistance to powdery mildew in accessions carrying genes Ml-a3; Ml-g; Ml-a13; Ml-a12 (Reg1t12) reg 6e; Ml- (la), Ml-a7; Ml-k; Reg 1g7; Reg 4ac; Reg 2ac. 7-9 point resistance to dwarf rust was determined by genes Rph12 and Rph3. Genes Un2; Run3; Un-3, Un4, Un5, Un6, rh6, and rh7 were effective against loose smut in our environment. Resistance to rhynchosporium leaf scald was observed in accessions with genes Rh4; Rh-1.

Conclusions. As a result of multi-year studies, the genetic collection by resistance to diseases, which comprises 315 accessions with 113 expression levels carrying 86 gene groups, was formed. It can substantially cover breeding needs for developing modern spring barley varieties that would be resistant to powdery mildew, dwarf rust, loose smut and rhynchosporium leaf scald.

Among accessions, we also found sources of valuable traits, in particular, of high 1000-grain weight (Maris Concord – 49.1 g; Harry – 49.3 g; Medina – 49.0 g; Delita – 49.8 g; and Quantum Plus - 50.3 g) and of high yield capacity (Regatta - 780 g/m²; Tennis - 900 g/m²; Keti - 790 g/m²; Jarek - 815 g/m²; and Femina - 820 g/m²). Use of collection accessions with identified genes will improve the breeding efficiency and accelerate breeding under the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine