Correlation between valuable economic features and quality indicators in sunflower lines with altered composition of tocopherol isomers

Abstract

The purpose of our study was to determine the contents of tocopherol isomers and to analyze correlations between valuable economic features and quality indicators in sunflower lines - pollen fertility restorers with altered composition of tocopherol isomers.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted at the Plant Production Institute named after V.Ya. Yuriev of NAAS in 2017-2018. Ten lines - pollen fertility restores with altered tocopherol isomer composition were taken as the test material.

Tocopherol isomer contents were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The oil content in sunflower seeds was determined by weighing after oil extraction using a Soxhlet extractor. The protein content was determined by the Kjeldahl titrimetric method. The fatty acid composition of oil was determined on a gas chromatograph Selichrom 1 using a modification of the Peisker method.

Results and discussion. In 2017-2018 at the Plant Production Institute named after V.Ya. Yuriev 10 lines - pollen fertility restorers with altered tocopherol composition and other valuable economic features were developed through self-pollination and individual selections. Lines Kh1717V, Kh1716V, Kh1747V, Kh1729V, and Kh1712V have an increased β-tocopherol content: 24.50 mg%, 19.87 mg%, 15.67 mg%, 15.09 mg%, and 12.19 mg%, respectively. A high content of γ-tocopherol was found in lines Kh1719V, Kh1738V, Kh177V, and Kh1711V: 35.70 mg%, 14.73 mg%, 8.47 mg%, and 7.80 mg%, respectively. An increased content of δ-tocopherol was observed in lines Kh1729V (7.08 mg%), Kh1712V (5.85 mg%), and Kh1719V (3.64 mg%).

In our tests, the correlation coefficients between the tocopherol composition and the contents of oil, protein, oleic and linoleic acids were calculated. There was no significant correlations between these parameters, while there was a significant negative correlation between the β-tocopherol content and 1000-seed weight.

Conclusions. The new lines with altered composition of tocopherol isomers have been developed; they are adapted to the growing conditions of the eastern forest-steppe of Ukraine, which allows a new direction in sunflower breeding for quality. Creation of hybrids with oxidation-resistant oil is of great importance for the development of our country's agricultural sector.

Analysis of the correlations between different valuable economic features showed that, when creating new breeding material, one should pay attention the content of β-tocopherol and 1000-seed weight, since there was a significant negative correlation between these two traits.