New forms of spring barley creating by hybridization

Abstract

Intervarietal hybridization as a basic tool of creating varieties of spring barley narrows its genetic base, hence, expansion of barley diversity is topical for breeding. One way of solving this challenge is to involve rare in production variants in crossings.

Methods. The studies were conducted in the breeding nursery of the Plant Production Institute nd. a V. Ya. Yuryev NAAS in 2010-2012. The basic method of creating new forms of spring barley was intraspecies hybridization.

Results. Using hybridization of collection samples from the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine (NCPGRU), which belonged to rare variants, a number of hybrid lines were created. Some of them belonged to forms different from original parental variants, more specifically, via crossing nutans / nudum // inerme the variant duplialbum was obtained; horsfordianum / pallidum (medicum, coeleste) - angustіspicatum; horsfordianum / nutans - sinicum. Other created lines belonged to currently unknown variants. These are lines of spring barley with lobed appendages not only on floral glumes, but also on ear glumes (smaller than on floral ones or of the same size), with 4-5 spikelet’s on the nodus instead of the usual three spikelet’s. Names for the new variants were suggested.

Conclusions. Using hybridization it is possible to create hybrid lines belonging to variants different form parental forms. The new lines are of interest as collection material for genetic studies and in breeding as sources of early ripeness.