Breeding value of collection samples for the creation of high-yielding soybean varieties

Abstract

The article summarizes the characteristics of valuable economic features of a large variety of collection soybean samples of broad geographical origin. Genetic divergence of North American samples is wider in comparison with South American genotypes. The gene pools ofChinaand the formerSoviet Unionare extremely diverse; however early-ripening varieties dominate.

Materials. Soybean varieties created in Ukraine are noticeable for sufficiently broad genetic base, characterized by various duration of growing season, a set of adaptive traits, trends of usage.

Results. The studies identified the best genotypes, which are recommended for hybridization to create highly adaptive source material. Cluster analysis allows more efficient formation of parental components. A distinctive feature of the breeding material created in the Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute is that it has an adaptive mechanism providing buffering capacity to unfavorable environmental conditions. These adaptive norms were formed during evolution and are inherited as complex genetic alleles, among which there is no recombination. This system allows generating soybean varieties suitable for cultivation in all areas ofUkraine.