Using of the trait “sterility – fertility” for selection of wheat-rye chromosome-substituted forms of triticale

Abstract

The aim and tasks of the study. To evaluate possibility of selection of wheat-rye chromosome-substituted forms of triticale by the trait "sterility - fertility" by examining the first generation hybrids from crosses between triticale with known genomic formula and triticale in which wheat-rye chromosome substitutions by the trait "sterility - fertility" are expected.

Material and methods. The winter triticale varieties Avatar, Yunga, Ladnoye, Rozovskiy 6 and forms obtained by crossing three species triticale with spelta 57/13, 95/13, 220/13 and 116/13 were used for crosses. To detect wheat-rye chromosome-substituted forms of triticale we crossed triticale varieties with known genomic formula and triticale forms in which wheat-rye chromosome substitutions were expected with the variety Avatar in the following combinations: Rozovskiy 6 × Avatar, Avatar × Yunga, Avatar × Ladnoye, 57/13 × Avatar, 220/13 × Avatar, 95/13 × Avatar, 116/13 × Avatar. Evaluation of the first generation hybrids by the trait "sterility - fertility" was carried out in the flowering phase.

Results and discussion. The studies found that the first generation hybrids from crossing sample 116/13 with the variety Avatar were sterile. This allowed us to state that this sample had wheat-rye substitution of chromosomes. Electrophoresis of storage proteins of sample 116/13 was carried out. It confirmed partial wheat-rye chromosome substitution in this sample. Centric rye-wheat translocation 1RS.1AL was found in sample 116/13. The studies demonstrated that it was possible to select wheat-rye chromosome-substituted forms of triticale by the trait "sterility - fertility". On this basis a method of selection of wheat-rye chromosome-substituted forms triticale was developed.

Conclusions. 1. Sterility of the first generation hybrids from crosses between triticale with known genomic formula with triticale having wheat-rye chromosome substitutions was detected.

2. Apossibility of selection of wheat-rye chromosome-substituted forms of triticale by the trait "sterility - fertility" was rationalized, which allowed developing a method of selection of wheat-rye chromosome-substituted forms of triticale (Ukrainian patent for utility model No 59585).