Ability of source material to form promising lines and varieties of spring barley

Abstract

Achievements of the Plant Production Institute nd. a V.Ya. Yuryev of NAAS in breeding of spring barley over the 15-year period have been analyzed.

Aim. Determination of efficiency of usage of the source material from the base work collection for the creation of promising lines and new varieties of spring barley. This allows optimizing the base collection composition, number of crossings and increasing performance of selection of promising lines for competitive variety trials. Ultimately, this will result in acceleration of breeding process.

Material and Methods. The experiments are arranged akin to a competitive variety trial nursery. For the study years the work collection has comprised 141 samples of Ukrainian (63 samples) and foreign (78 samples - Mexico, Germany, France, Russian Federation, Czech Republic, Holland, Sweden, Kazakhstan, USA, Canada, Denmark, Belarus, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, Norway) breeding. The analysis of crossings over the period of 1998-2006, due to which promising lines were created and went as far as competitive variety trials for the last 10 years – 2004-2013, is summarized in this work.

Results and Discussion. Selections did not respond favorably in all the hybrid populations; in some of them no line was selected. The most successful as parental forms were only 34 of 141 samples, among them 20 samples were of Ukrainian breeding and 14 – of foreign breeding (France, Germany, Mexico, Czech Republic, Kazakhstan). The number of crossings of each sample as the paternal and maternal forms as well as complex crossings, the number of lines selected for competitive variety trials, the number of lines consigned to competitive variety trials, and the number of lines consigned to the state variety trials were taken into account. By correlating the number of promising lines with the number of varieties obtained with the involvement of a given sample from the work collection the efficiency of this sample in formation of breeding material with desirable properties was estimated.

Conclusions. The most efficient by the property studied was the variety Zvershennya (18% of varieties from the promising lines), followed by Kharkіvskyy 99, Dobrodіy (15%), Pasadena, Tolar (14%), Kharkіvskyy 112, Granal (13%), Gama, Ekzotik (12%), Spomin, IR 7099 (11%), Tsezar (6%), Efekt, Dzherelo (4%), Badyoryy (3%).