Variability of fatty acid composition of mustard oil and breeding to improve of its quality

Abstract

In article results of creation promising breeding material mustard with improved fatty acid composition of oil are presented. In early of research content of main fatty acid of the mustard samples amounted: linoleic from 28.00 % to 44.15 %, oleic from 21.36 % to 40.54 %, linolenic from 16.44 % to 28.65 %, erucic from 0.11 % to 17.37 %. A positive correlation between oleic acid with linoleic and palmitic acids and significant negative correlation between oleic acid with linolenic and erucic acids, both with probability p = 0,001. Moreover, a significant negative correlation was found between the content of linoleic with linolenic and erucic acids. Between erucic and linolenic acids there is a substantial positive correlation. These results suggest promising breeding work to improve the quality of mustard oil by increasing the content of oleic and linoleic acids through harmful for human health erucic and linolenic acids. By direct selection from a heterogeneous populations of mustard in four years received a promising breeding material, characterized by a high content of oleic and linoleic, low erucic and linolenic acids. The total content of oleic and linoleic acids of best samples is 80-84%, linolenic and erucic - 11-15 %.