Sowing qualities and yield characteristics of spring barley seeds, depending on predecessors and fertilizers, and a way to increase them

Abstract

The objective was to study the influence of fertilizers and predecessor on the sowing qualities and yield characteristics of spring barley as well as the effect of plant growth regulator on the yield capacity.

Material and methods. The study was conducted in the fields of the Plant Production Institute named after. VYa Yuriev of NAAS. The predecessor of barley was pea.

The yield characteristics were studied on seeds of barley varieties Parnas and Modern obtained from parent plants that had been grown after different predecessors: sugar beet, soybean and grain corn as well as on different nutrition (no fertilizers and aftereffect of 30 t/ha manure + N₃₀P₃₀K₃₀). Seed dressing with Vitavax 200 PF, 2.5 L/t, was combined with treatment with growth regulator Vegestim, 250 mL/t. Plants were sprayed with growth regulator Vegestim, 50 mL/h, in the tillering phase, using shoulder sprayers at the working fluid flow rate of 300 L/ha.

Spring barley seeds were sown at the optimal time by the continuous conventional method with the seeding rate of 4.5 million of germinable seeds per hectare.

Results and discussion. The cultivation of spring barley varieties Parnas and Modern with fertilization contributes to the increase in the sowing qualities of the seeds produced: on average, in the 1000-seed weight - by2.8 g, and in the germinability - by 2 %.

The cultivation of barley variety Parnas after sugar beet and of variety Modern after grain corn with ferilization allows increasing the yield characteristics of the seeds produced. When they had been sown, the yields were 4.57 and 3.60 t/ha, respectively.

The use of Vegetestim provides a further increase in the yield characteristics of spring barley seeds. On average in 2014-2015, in the experiments with seeds grown after sugar beet (variety Parnas) or after grain corn (variety Modern) on fertilization the yields were 4.63 and 3.67 t/ha, respectivdely.

Conclusions. The optimal components of varietal agrotechnology for growing seeds of spring barley varieties Parnas and Modern, which allow obtaining seeds with enhanced yield characteristics, are as fololows: predecessors – sugar beet (Parnas) or corn (Modern) on the aftereffect of 30 t/ha of manure + N₃₀P₃₀K₃₀. Pre-sowing seed treatment and spraying of plants in the tillering phase with Vegestim were more effective, when seeds that had been grown with fertilizers, were used for sowing